October 25, 2009 – Osaka, Japan
Today Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, reported that on October 24, the Japanese government finalized the policy of aiding turnaround of JAL (Japan Air Lines) by making JAL leverage public institution of “Company Turnaround Aid Institution”. Related ministers will discuss this issue and officially announce the policy by the end of this month, with the objective of reducing excess debt under the government’s control and develop drastic restructuring plan. The institution will execute bridge financing etc. to abolish credit uneasiness of JAL. The government will wait for the restructuring plan then study increase capital by public funding as a last resort. More drastic solution is to be studied and developed for pension debt reduction which is currently very slow in progress. Restructuring plan development under strong government’s control is to start at last.
According to Nikkei, the outlook of the JAL turnaround is as below.
Capital increase: Current restructuring plan is 300 billon yen including public funding. The government’s policy includes leveraging Company Turnaround Aid Institution to insert capital by the end of 2009.
Debt write-off: Current plan is 220 billion yen. The government’s policy is to convincing syndicates of banks to accept debt write-offs, on condition that JAL will drastically restructure with public funding.
Debt-for-equity swap: Current plan is 30 billion yen. The government’s policy is to convincing syndicates of banks to accept debt-for-equity swap, on condition that JAL will drastically restructure with public funding.
Bridge financing: Current plan is 200 billion yen. The government’s policy is to execute this by the end of November 2009.
Pension debt reduction: Current plan is reducing insufficient accumulation to 100 billion yen from 330 billion yen. The government’s policy is change to more drastic plan.
Restructuring: Current plan includes cutting almost 9000 jobs and abolishing 45-50 routes by 2014.
Capital deficit: Current estimation is up to 270 billion yen.
JAL’s turnaround has been going through a trial and error process as below.
June 30: 100 billion yen financing agreement with Development Bank of Japan etc. froze.
August 7: April-June consolidated financial result was in red by 99 billion yen.
August 21: Starting negotiation of integrating air cargo business with NYK (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Line.
Beginning of September: Alliance negotiation with Delta and American Airlines including financing came to light.
September 15: Draft of management improvement plan with pillars of cutting 68000 jobs and abolishing total of domestic and international 50 routes proposed at blue-ribbon panel.
September 25: A task force directly controlled by Mr. Maehara, Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism established, marking the start of reviewing the current turnaround plan.
October 13: The task force proposed a turnaround plan draft to financial institutes etc. requesting them to accept debt write-offs of 300 billion yen in total.
October 20: The task force made the revised draft including increase of capital of 300 billion yen by public funding etc.
The Japanese government finalized the policy of aiding turnaround of JAL (Japan Air Lines) by making JAL leverage public funding by Company Turnaround Aid Institution because of the tough reality that they would not be able to win understanding and support from syndicates of banks without strong control and interference from the government. Under a situation of extreme funding difficulties, the government decided to back-up in full scale. Hatoyama administration cannot fail this turnaround with wall at their back; as Mr. Maehara states, we cannot have a situation in which we do not have flights and allow inconvenience to travellers. However, there are many hurdles and obstacles to overcome and the outlook is not necessarily bright.
The turnaround is not only about financing and debt write-offs. It is really all about whether the mindset of current JAL employees and retired workers, and the whether the system and culture of the entire company change from the current “the government will foot the bill” culture. It is only when the company totally change from inside to an organization that it will start creating value to generate revenue with optimum cost so that financing/cash flow management will be a sound one.
2009年10月12日月曜日
Promoting Health and Well-Being Through Sports on National Sports Day
October 12, 2009 – Osaka, Japan
The second Monday of October is National Sports Day/Health-Sports Day in Japan. Its purpose is to promote health and well-being through sports, and this is the day for sports and to foster a sound mind and body. The day was originally celebrated on October 10th, the day that is most likely to be sunny at this time of the year according to statistical research result, to commemorate the opening ceremony of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. In 2000, it was changed to the second Monday of October by a new law, and for this year, it is today, October 12. This is one of the background for Japan (Osaka, Nagoya, Tokyo) announcing its candidacy to host Olympic game, and today it was reported by mass media that Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the two prefectures that are the sites of nuclear bombing in World War II, are planning to announce their joint-candidacy for 2020 Olympics.
Around this time of the year sports festival is held in schools, sometime in other places such as companies. Sports festival, a whole day event, had really been a big event for the school, community and society. For example, whole family joins the school sports festival and enjoy, and parents take so many photos and videos of their children. There used to be a TV programme of it in which TV stars participated in the festival.
Usually participants are divided into 2 groups/teams of red and white to compete, and variety of games are played at the festival, some are common worldwide such as 100m sprint race, relay race and tug of war, and some other are rather Japan unique. The rather Japan unique ones are as below:-
- “Tamaire” (ball games): During a defined time, participants throw beanbags of their team colour into their team’s basket as many as they can like basket players shoot.
- Obstacle race: Participants compete the speed of going through obstacles such as going over balance beam, running under mats etc.
- Mock cavalry battle: Participants, usually boys of around 11 years old, get into teams and compete for battle.
- Three-legged race: Two people make a team. A leg of each is tied to make three legs and teams have a face of usually 100 metres.
- “Pan-kui-kyoso” Eating bread race: Bread is tied with a rope which is hung, and participants take a big bite to the bread and race to the goal with the bread.
- Centipede race: About 10 participants make a team. Their right and left foot are tied to a board (something like a ski), and the teams walk as quickly as possible toward the goal. Teamwork really counts!
- “Karimono-kyoso” borrowing race: Participants race to pick a card which states something (e.g. girl with red skirt) that he/she is asked to borrow from people present at the festival and take it/that person to the goal as quickly as possible.
In addition, there is team work gymnastics. Children practice this hard for the festival under the guidance from their teachers and on the day, they perform this to show their efforts to their family. And there is also cheering group that liven up the festival. The group is led by a cheering leader, usually a male, and they also practice a lot for the festival.
National Sports Day is also the timing in which body strength of citizens will be focused. Every year Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture execute a survey of body strength including stamina and agility. Approximately 70,000 citizens of age 6-75 are parametric model and the survey will be held May-October, whose results are analyze according to age groups and reported on the National Sports Day. According to the result reported today via mass media, the overall result for children started to improve although it had been on the declined since 1985 and therefore had been an issue. An expert, a member of the analysis team, commented that it is probably the result of step-by-step efforts of schools of increasing opportunities for exercise and sports. On the other hand, results for adults were mixture. Female of age 20-30 deteriorated but male and female of age 40+ and 65+ improved. The overall trend of body strength level is concluded that both male and female increase from 6 years old, and male reach the peak around 17 years old and female around 14 years old; however for grip strength, male reach the peak 30-34 years old and female 40-44 years old.
The survey result and analysis clarified that regular exercise and participating in sports highly contribute to maintaining high level of body strength; however, people in 20s are doing less exercises and enjoying sports compared to 15 and 30 years ago and their body strength level has dropped. Possible reasons for this include the fact that people in their 20s grew up playing indoors, with gaming, Internet and comics, too busy with their work and has insufficient time to regularly enjoy exercise and sports, and so forth. It might well need “fundamental” measures and actions to change and improve this trend and it would take time for tangible results to come out.
The second Monday of October is National Sports Day/Health-Sports Day in Japan. Its purpose is to promote health and well-being through sports, and this is the day for sports and to foster a sound mind and body. The day was originally celebrated on October 10th, the day that is most likely to be sunny at this time of the year according to statistical research result, to commemorate the opening ceremony of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. In 2000, it was changed to the second Monday of October by a new law, and for this year, it is today, October 12. This is one of the background for Japan (Osaka, Nagoya, Tokyo) announcing its candidacy to host Olympic game, and today it was reported by mass media that Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the two prefectures that are the sites of nuclear bombing in World War II, are planning to announce their joint-candidacy for 2020 Olympics.
Around this time of the year sports festival is held in schools, sometime in other places such as companies. Sports festival, a whole day event, had really been a big event for the school, community and society. For example, whole family joins the school sports festival and enjoy, and parents take so many photos and videos of their children. There used to be a TV programme of it in which TV stars participated in the festival.
Usually participants are divided into 2 groups/teams of red and white to compete, and variety of games are played at the festival, some are common worldwide such as 100m sprint race, relay race and tug of war, and some other are rather Japan unique. The rather Japan unique ones are as below:-
- “Tamaire” (ball games): During a defined time, participants throw beanbags of their team colour into their team’s basket as many as they can like basket players shoot.
- Obstacle race: Participants compete the speed of going through obstacles such as going over balance beam, running under mats etc.
- Mock cavalry battle: Participants, usually boys of around 11 years old, get into teams and compete for battle.
- Three-legged race: Two people make a team. A leg of each is tied to make three legs and teams have a face of usually 100 metres.
- “Pan-kui-kyoso” Eating bread race: Bread is tied with a rope which is hung, and participants take a big bite to the bread and race to the goal with the bread.
- Centipede race: About 10 participants make a team. Their right and left foot are tied to a board (something like a ski), and the teams walk as quickly as possible toward the goal. Teamwork really counts!
- “Karimono-kyoso” borrowing race: Participants race to pick a card which states something (e.g. girl with red skirt) that he/she is asked to borrow from people present at the festival and take it/that person to the goal as quickly as possible.
In addition, there is team work gymnastics. Children practice this hard for the festival under the guidance from their teachers and on the day, they perform this to show their efforts to their family. And there is also cheering group that liven up the festival. The group is led by a cheering leader, usually a male, and they also practice a lot for the festival.
National Sports Day is also the timing in which body strength of citizens will be focused. Every year Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture execute a survey of body strength including stamina and agility. Approximately 70,000 citizens of age 6-75 are parametric model and the survey will be held May-October, whose results are analyze according to age groups and reported on the National Sports Day. According to the result reported today via mass media, the overall result for children started to improve although it had been on the declined since 1985 and therefore had been an issue. An expert, a member of the analysis team, commented that it is probably the result of step-by-step efforts of schools of increasing opportunities for exercise and sports. On the other hand, results for adults were mixture. Female of age 20-30 deteriorated but male and female of age 40+ and 65+ improved. The overall trend of body strength level is concluded that both male and female increase from 6 years old, and male reach the peak around 17 years old and female around 14 years old; however for grip strength, male reach the peak 30-34 years old and female 40-44 years old.
The survey result and analysis clarified that regular exercise and participating in sports highly contribute to maintaining high level of body strength; however, people in 20s are doing less exercises and enjoying sports compared to 15 and 30 years ago and their body strength level has dropped. Possible reasons for this include the fact that people in their 20s grew up playing indoors, with gaming, Internet and comics, too busy with their work and has insufficient time to regularly enjoy exercise and sports, and so forth. It might well need “fundamental” measures and actions to change and improve this trend and it would take time for tangible results to come out.
2009年10月11日日曜日
Japanese Manufacturers’ Main Businesses Returning to Black
October 10, 2009 – Osaka, Japan,
Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, reported today that main businesses of Japanese manufacture giants especially high-tech companies that once fell in the red have been going back to black. This is because of Japanese manufactures’ efforts in cost reduction, together with digital consumer electronics and automobile sales hitting the bottom attributing to demand increase of emerging markets and positive effect of government policy such as eco-point system (incentive for consumers purchasing eco-friendly consumer electronics and automobiles). Price hovering at appropriate level due to supply volume control is also a contributor of the recovery. Continuous improvement in operational income by sector would be the overall performance support for such companies in the process of recovery, although there are some uncertainty factors such as high yen.
Market recovery is conspicuous in semi-conductors, HDD and precision component. Toshiba’s flash memories used in mobile audio music players and PC recording media have returned to black for fiscal quarter of July-September instead of original expectation of October-December. Toshiba had been cutting production by 30% January-June this year. And decrease in price stopped and then demand started to recover. Hitachi’s HDD business has also been recovering; its operation income was minus 9 billion yen for April-September but is expected to return to black for October-December.
Positive effects of emerging marketing demand and government policy have led to digital consumer electronics sales hitting the bottom. Sharp’s LCD panel business was in the red by 14.7 billion yen April-June but is expected to go back to black by 16 billion yen for fiscal year ending March 2010. With incentive/tax reduction for eco (ecological & economical) cars, sales related to EV car have been good. Koito’s Japan domestic business of light supplied for Toyota’s Prius cars has been drastically improving. Its operating income was minus 1.2 billion yen for April-June but seems to have returned to black by 5+ billion for July-September.
Cost reduction is also a contribution factor for recovery. Hoya transferred its digital camera production to overseas, and together with good new product sales its business for September seems to have returned to black. Digital camera businesses of Fuji Film Holdings and Olympus are expected to return to black as well. Energy plant business of IHI was in the red by 6.2 billion for fiscal year ending March 2009 but is expected to land on 11 billion yen in black for fiscal year ending March 2010, attributing to clearing out unprofitable overseas businesses plus drop in purchasing cost.
The worldwide economic crisis and recession started autumn last year had hit directly revenues of companies, resulting in total of approximately 3.6 trillion yen in red for total of all Japanese manufacturers for fiscal year ending March 2009. Consumer electronics, automobile and component businesses were the hardest hit, with an example of Toshiba’s semiconductor business that went in the red by 280 billion yen. And then amount of red decreased to 730 billion yen for total manufacturers for April-June, which is 1/8 of January-March. Therefore many experts assume that it has hit the bottom and if recovery trend continues it is possible that the complete recovery scenario for fiscal year ending March 2010 becomes a reality.
Some possible risks for such a recovery scenario include high yen for many Japanese manufacturers whose business relies heavily on export, and uncertain business trend for January-March 2010. Machine tool and semiconductor manufacturing equipment sectors relying on increase in production and investment are quite possible to remain in the red because few companies still refrain from increasing equipment investment with the assumption of demand recovery.
The author strongly believes that performance (operational income) recovery of Japanese manufacturers has an impact on feasibility of Japanese government’s new policy and upcoming action plans as well as on overall economic recovery. Government’s revenue (corporate tax) fluctuates by the degree of recovery in their performance, and in fact this is a big topic in recent budgeting of the government for 2010. It is also the requirement for labour market recovery and stable earnings for citizens, meaning it has big impact on consumer spending. Of course, it also greatly influence investment etc.
Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, reported today that main businesses of Japanese manufacture giants especially high-tech companies that once fell in the red have been going back to black. This is because of Japanese manufactures’ efforts in cost reduction, together with digital consumer electronics and automobile sales hitting the bottom attributing to demand increase of emerging markets and positive effect of government policy such as eco-point system (incentive for consumers purchasing eco-friendly consumer electronics and automobiles). Price hovering at appropriate level due to supply volume control is also a contributor of the recovery. Continuous improvement in operational income by sector would be the overall performance support for such companies in the process of recovery, although there are some uncertainty factors such as high yen.
Market recovery is conspicuous in semi-conductors, HDD and precision component. Toshiba’s flash memories used in mobile audio music players and PC recording media have returned to black for fiscal quarter of July-September instead of original expectation of October-December. Toshiba had been cutting production by 30% January-June this year. And decrease in price stopped and then demand started to recover. Hitachi’s HDD business has also been recovering; its operation income was minus 9 billion yen for April-September but is expected to return to black for October-December.
Positive effects of emerging marketing demand and government policy have led to digital consumer electronics sales hitting the bottom. Sharp’s LCD panel business was in the red by 14.7 billion yen April-June but is expected to go back to black by 16 billion yen for fiscal year ending March 2010. With incentive/tax reduction for eco (ecological & economical) cars, sales related to EV car have been good. Koito’s Japan domestic business of light supplied for Toyota’s Prius cars has been drastically improving. Its operating income was minus 1.2 billion yen for April-June but seems to have returned to black by 5+ billion for July-September.
Cost reduction is also a contribution factor for recovery. Hoya transferred its digital camera production to overseas, and together with good new product sales its business for September seems to have returned to black. Digital camera businesses of Fuji Film Holdings and Olympus are expected to return to black as well. Energy plant business of IHI was in the red by 6.2 billion for fiscal year ending March 2009 but is expected to land on 11 billion yen in black for fiscal year ending March 2010, attributing to clearing out unprofitable overseas businesses plus drop in purchasing cost.
The worldwide economic crisis and recession started autumn last year had hit directly revenues of companies, resulting in total of approximately 3.6 trillion yen in red for total of all Japanese manufacturers for fiscal year ending March 2009. Consumer electronics, automobile and component businesses were the hardest hit, with an example of Toshiba’s semiconductor business that went in the red by 280 billion yen. And then amount of red decreased to 730 billion yen for total manufacturers for April-June, which is 1/8 of January-March. Therefore many experts assume that it has hit the bottom and if recovery trend continues it is possible that the complete recovery scenario for fiscal year ending March 2010 becomes a reality.
Some possible risks for such a recovery scenario include high yen for many Japanese manufacturers whose business relies heavily on export, and uncertain business trend for January-March 2010. Machine tool and semiconductor manufacturing equipment sectors relying on increase in production and investment are quite possible to remain in the red because few companies still refrain from increasing equipment investment with the assumption of demand recovery.
The author strongly believes that performance (operational income) recovery of Japanese manufacturers has an impact on feasibility of Japanese government’s new policy and upcoming action plans as well as on overall economic recovery. Government’s revenue (corporate tax) fluctuates by the degree of recovery in their performance, and in fact this is a big topic in recent budgeting of the government for 2010. It is also the requirement for labour market recovery and stable earnings for citizens, meaning it has big impact on consumer spending. Of course, it also greatly influence investment etc.
2009年10月10日土曜日
Digital Convergence to Shape the Ubiquitous Networking Society – From CEATEC Japan 2009
October 10, 2009 – Osaka, Japan,
CEATEC Japan, cutting-edge IT & electronics comprehensive exhibition was held in October 6-10, under the theme “Digital Convergence – Defining the Shape of the Future”. For many IT and electronics companies (perhaps especially Japanese companies), CEATEC is a good opportunity to introduce their cutting-edge technologies and concepts to the media and the general public, and this exhibition draws much attention worldwide. CEATEC Japan 2009 official website has been posting news updates, and there have already been many articles on CNET etc. There was also an evening TV news in Japan on 5th (i.e. before the opening) introducing some of the highlights.
Some highlights include future of mobile phones, new concept TV in which operation can be done without a remote control, future robots that can sing and dance or ride a bicycle, future EV car, and future nursing care products including a bed that can become a wheelchair which can be operated automatically by IT and transport system that is more user-friendly than current wheelchairs. It is amazing to see these includes products and companies not only from the traditional IT and electronics companies but also from automobiles (e.g. Nissan). The bed is of Panasonic group that has always been a major player in this exhibition. As far as the author understands, Panasonic used to introduce nursing care products in exhibition specialized in Home Care and Rehabilitation Exhibition only and not at CEATEC.
What is worth noting is that not only IT and electronics business but also automobile and healthcare business that were out of scope of this exhibition in the past also started to converge, creating new concept products, services and business, which implies the ongoing dramatic transformation of respective industries, shaping new competitive landscape in the new ubiquitous networking society. This can be explained by IT marketing principle and theory. As digitalization gets underway, convergence of products and services gets underway leading to lowering of barriers between business domain and industry. Probably the example easiest to understand for everyone is the convergence of digital camera, mobile phone and mobile application connecting to Internet.
Digital convergence has already been creating new market and business involving players from many industries such as online book, music and news, and is opening the door to the new virtualized world like the one depicted in a recent forbes.com article. The author strongly feels that digital convergence has potential to make our lives more convenient and productive in various settings including home, business, education and healthcare/nursing, opening the door to a new world. Whatever the new world may be, the author is very much fascinated by it and is looking forward to it.
References:-
CEATEC Japan 2009 Official Website (English Version)
http://www.ceatec.com/2009/en/news/index.html
Ceatec--gadget extravaganza in Japan
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10367757-92.html?part=rss&subj=news&tag=2547-1_3-0-20
Our Virtualized World
http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/06/software-computers-enterprise-technology-virtualization-09_land.html
CEATEC Japan, cutting-edge IT & electronics comprehensive exhibition was held in October 6-10, under the theme “Digital Convergence – Defining the Shape of the Future”. For many IT and electronics companies (perhaps especially Japanese companies), CEATEC is a good opportunity to introduce their cutting-edge technologies and concepts to the media and the general public, and this exhibition draws much attention worldwide. CEATEC Japan 2009 official website has been posting news updates, and there have already been many articles on CNET etc. There was also an evening TV news in Japan on 5th (i.e. before the opening) introducing some of the highlights.
Some highlights include future of mobile phones, new concept TV in which operation can be done without a remote control, future robots that can sing and dance or ride a bicycle, future EV car, and future nursing care products including a bed that can become a wheelchair which can be operated automatically by IT and transport system that is more user-friendly than current wheelchairs. It is amazing to see these includes products and companies not only from the traditional IT and electronics companies but also from automobiles (e.g. Nissan). The bed is of Panasonic group that has always been a major player in this exhibition. As far as the author understands, Panasonic used to introduce nursing care products in exhibition specialized in Home Care and Rehabilitation Exhibition only and not at CEATEC.
What is worth noting is that not only IT and electronics business but also automobile and healthcare business that were out of scope of this exhibition in the past also started to converge, creating new concept products, services and business, which implies the ongoing dramatic transformation of respective industries, shaping new competitive landscape in the new ubiquitous networking society. This can be explained by IT marketing principle and theory. As digitalization gets underway, convergence of products and services gets underway leading to lowering of barriers between business domain and industry. Probably the example easiest to understand for everyone is the convergence of digital camera, mobile phone and mobile application connecting to Internet.
Digital convergence has already been creating new market and business involving players from many industries such as online book, music and news, and is opening the door to the new virtualized world like the one depicted in a recent forbes.com article. The author strongly feels that digital convergence has potential to make our lives more convenient and productive in various settings including home, business, education and healthcare/nursing, opening the door to a new world. Whatever the new world may be, the author is very much fascinated by it and is looking forward to it.
References:-
CEATEC Japan 2009 Official Website (English Version)
http://www.ceatec.com/2009/en/news/index.html
Ceatec--gadget extravaganza in Japan
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10367757-92.html?part=rss&subj=news&tag=2547-1_3-0-20
Our Virtualized World
http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/06/software-computers-enterprise-technology-virtualization-09_land.html
2009年9月27日日曜日
Made In Japan Digital Consumer-Electronics Becomes More Affordable
September 27, 2009 – Osaka, Japan,
Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, announced today that Japanese consumer-electronics giants including Sony and Fujitsu are to start marketing in earnest low-end digital consumer-electronics. This is because demand of low-end digital consumer-electronics with limited features is expanding even in developing countries worldwide, growing as the “volume zone” of the market. Taiwan makers have been leading in this market segment and Japanese makers aim to take the offensive by leveraging EMS (Electronic Manufacturing Service) of Taiwan that has manufacturing plant in China, where the labour cost is low.
For mobile PC, Sony is to commission designing and production of net book, mobile PC of price zone around 50,000 yen utilizing EMS. Section responsible for interacting with EMS will be located in PC Division and people responsible for EMS will be located in China. With this strategy, Sony intends to increase its worldwide PC sales from original plan of 6.2 million units for 2009 to more than 10 million. Fujitsu that entered net book market April this year plans to double for 2009 EMS production from 2008 which was 600,000 units. Fujitsu plans to achieve total worldwide PC sales of 6.5 million, including approximately 300,000 units for net book PCs.
As for video camera, Victor will launch new model(s) with price range of 20,000-30,000 yen, half of the current models, in October for European market, and plans to launch in Japan and the U.S. as well. They do so by utilizing EMS reducing cost. Sony has already launched product(s) with price range of 10,000-20,000 yen this spring in the U.S. and Europe.
As for car navigation systems, Pioneer was the first Japanese maker to use EMS, to successfully market product with price of approximately 50,000 yen, which is half their previous products.
As for flat panel TVs, Toshiba plans to increase low price range LCD TVs to achieve sales target of 1.3 million units in 2009 and in 2010 to achieve 3 million units in 2010 for emerging countries. Sharp has already launched a model with price around 50,000 yen in China this year.
According to Display Research, a U.S. market research company, global net book sales is estimated to reach 3.5 million units for 2009 which is more than double of 2008. This is about 20% of total mobile PC sales. In addition, some experts expect that 40-50% of the U.S. video camera market will be of low-end products for 2009.
Japanese digital consumer-electronics giants have been focusing on high-end products that is usually said to be impacted by price competition. Their strength is “vertical” network, engaging in from developing backbone parts to assembling. However, such companies as Taiwan competitors such as Asus and low-end video camera maker under the umbrella of Cisco Systems have been increasing their presence in the worldwide market. If this trend proliferates in Japanese market as well, it is quite possible that Japanese makers would need to further outsource their production offshore.
To the author, it is high time for Japanese consumer-electronics giants to review and change their strategy as appropriate, applying concept and mechanism of “The Innovator’s Dilemma” and “The Innovator’s Solution” of Clayton M. Christensen.
Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, announced today that Japanese consumer-electronics giants including Sony and Fujitsu are to start marketing in earnest low-end digital consumer-electronics. This is because demand of low-end digital consumer-electronics with limited features is expanding even in developing countries worldwide, growing as the “volume zone” of the market. Taiwan makers have been leading in this market segment and Japanese makers aim to take the offensive by leveraging EMS (Electronic Manufacturing Service) of Taiwan that has manufacturing plant in China, where the labour cost is low.
For mobile PC, Sony is to commission designing and production of net book, mobile PC of price zone around 50,000 yen utilizing EMS. Section responsible for interacting with EMS will be located in PC Division and people responsible for EMS will be located in China. With this strategy, Sony intends to increase its worldwide PC sales from original plan of 6.2 million units for 2009 to more than 10 million. Fujitsu that entered net book market April this year plans to double for 2009 EMS production from 2008 which was 600,000 units. Fujitsu plans to achieve total worldwide PC sales of 6.5 million, including approximately 300,000 units for net book PCs.
As for video camera, Victor will launch new model(s) with price range of 20,000-30,000 yen, half of the current models, in October for European market, and plans to launch in Japan and the U.S. as well. They do so by utilizing EMS reducing cost. Sony has already launched product(s) with price range of 10,000-20,000 yen this spring in the U.S. and Europe.
As for car navigation systems, Pioneer was the first Japanese maker to use EMS, to successfully market product with price of approximately 50,000 yen, which is half their previous products.
As for flat panel TVs, Toshiba plans to increase low price range LCD TVs to achieve sales target of 1.3 million units in 2009 and in 2010 to achieve 3 million units in 2010 for emerging countries. Sharp has already launched a model with price around 50,000 yen in China this year.
According to Display Research, a U.S. market research company, global net book sales is estimated to reach 3.5 million units for 2009 which is more than double of 2008. This is about 20% of total mobile PC sales. In addition, some experts expect that 40-50% of the U.S. video camera market will be of low-end products for 2009.
Japanese digital consumer-electronics giants have been focusing on high-end products that is usually said to be impacted by price competition. Their strength is “vertical” network, engaging in from developing backbone parts to assembling. However, such companies as Taiwan competitors such as Asus and low-end video camera maker under the umbrella of Cisco Systems have been increasing their presence in the worldwide market. If this trend proliferates in Japanese market as well, it is quite possible that Japanese makers would need to further outsource their production offshore.
To the author, it is high time for Japanese consumer-electronics giants to review and change their strategy as appropriate, applying concept and mechanism of “The Innovator’s Dilemma” and “The Innovator’s Solution” of Clayton M. Christensen.
2009年9月23日水曜日
Japan Takes Lead in GHG Emission Reduction in the UN’s Climate Change Summit
Wednesday, September 23, 2009 – Osaka, Japan
Mr. Hatoyama, the new Japanese Prime Minister, made a speech pledging Japan’s mid-term target of 25% GHG (global greenhouse gas = CO2) emission reduction vs.1990 by 2020 at the United Nation’s Climate Change Summit held on September 22 in New York, his debut to the diplomatic setting. He also advocated his initiative of providing to developing and emerging countries Japan’s energy saving technologies and capital aid to help them drive global warming countermeasures. His speech in English won great applause and appreciation in the summit, and it is probably the first time that a speech made by a Japanese Prime Minister won such an applause. However, his aggressive target has not been provoking positive reactions back in Japan.
1. Facts On GHG Emission Reduction Mid-Term Target
Mid-term target of reducing GHG emission is the primary focus of the negotiation among participant countries on post Kyoto Protocol (COP3) after 2013, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change / UNFCCC, FCCC. The deadline of the negotiation is COP15 United Nations Climate Change Conference Copenhagen 2009 to be held in Denmark this year.
2. Background of Prime Minister Mr. Hatoyama’s Speech
The target set by the former Prime Minister, Mr. Aso, was 15% reduction vs.2005 (8% reduction vs. 1990); therefore, it is evident that Mr. Hatoyama’s target is extremely aggressive (equivalent to 30% reduction vs. 2005). He had set this target as his policy, mentioned in his speeches in Tokyo earlier this month, and announced to Japanese media on 20th this month, although he may well have been aware that there would be resistances from Japan domestic (industries and economy opinion leaders). His intention is to take the initiative in the upcoming international negotiation settings by advocating aggressive target and supporting measures in his debut diplomacy setting in his own words. (First policy he set was taking the initiative from bureaucrats in making speeches at press conferences etc. so that politicians will be delivering their message in their own words). Such a “performance” in the international community conference symbolizes and delivers strong message on the change in political administration and of his style of politics, which is “politician taking the initiative”.
- 25% Reduction of CO2, Message to be Delivered in Upcoming Diplomatic Settings by Prime Minister Mr.Hatoyama
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/new-japanese-government-officially.html
- How Japanese Government to Develop New Information Disclosure System with Media, Achieving Objectives & Promoting Interactive Communication with Media
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/how-japanese-government-ti-develop-new.html
The new target announced is the most aggressive among all participant countries, as is shown from the table below. (Source: September 23 Japanese article from Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics; translated by the author).
GHG Emission Reduction Target by 2020 of Developed Countries
(The reason that some target is not specific is that the target is specified under specific condition such as “in the case which other countries advocate sufficient reduction target”)
Country Name / Reduction Rate (%) / Standard Year / Availability of Purchasing Emission Quotas
Japan / 25 / 1990 / yes
The U.S. / 14 / 2005 -
EU / 20 - 30 / 1990 / yes
Canada / 20 / 2006 / -
Russia / 10 - 15 / 1990 / -
Switzerland / 20 - 30 / 1990 / yes
Australia / 5 - 25 / 2000 / yes
* Composed by Nikkei based on documents on framework of the U.N. climate change agreement owned by the agreement offices
3. How Mr. Hatoyama Was Careful In Making His Speech
Prime Minister Mr. Hatoyama was careful in making his speech, not forgetting to be considerate in presenting such an aggressive target. His speech included concrete measures compared with his previous speeches made in Tokyo, Japan, but he deliberately made the expression regarding “reduction compared with which year“ not to be too specific, using the expression such as “if I would state comparing with 1990” instead of “vs. 1990”, taking into consideration of the U.S. who had set the 2005 as the standard year in setting the target. He also was careful to avoid misunderstanding from other countries that Japan is prominent in presenting such an aggressive target. He did so by encouraging major GHG emission countries including the U.S., China and India to actively join in his initiative, advocating his Hatoyama initiatives including the principles below.
Hatoyama Initiatives
1) Public and private sectors of developed countries will contribute to additional capital aid.
2) Rules for measuring the effectiveness of aid will be developed.
3) Co-existence of capital aid and preservation of intellectual property right will be fulfilled.
4. Positive Reactions From The International Community
The speech was highly evaluated, with positive comments from participants. The overall reaction from the international community is positive from each standpoint.
The U.S. gave positive reaction backed up by President Obama’s positive speech in the summit, who said that countermeasure for global warming is the U.S. focus and is resolved to take actions. Regarding the reduction target he emphasized that both developed and developing countries need to take responsibility to achieve the target. He also showed his intention of reaching international consensus on this issue at CPO15 to be held in December in Copenhagen, Denmark. He advocated the need of making consensus among all countries including emerging countries, stating hat the only solution is all major countries collaborate to take measures, while developing countries (that had been emitting global warming gasses) have responsibilities to initiate the discussion.
EU evaluated the Japanese aggressive target. EU had been positive in activating trading CO2 emission quotas among countries with the objective of reducing CO2 emission globally, and therefore they would like to deepen collaboration with Japan and lead debate on this issue in the international community. Mr. Okada, the new Minister of Foreign Affairs, had meetings with Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Sweden, the current chairperson of EU, and Spain. The EU side agreed on the importance of solving climate change issue and highly evaluated Japan’s mid-term target of 25% reduction of CO2 emission vs.1990. In addition, the Minister of Climate Change and Energy of Denmark also evaluated the aggressive target of Japan.
Reactions from developing and emerging countries are subtle but not negative at all. Emerging countries including China and India have been strengthening initiatives to reduce global warming gasses in individual sectors such as generation of electricity. One point to note is that their consistent stance is that it is the developed countries responsible for the past global warming that should commit to the aggressive reduction target to be achieved by 2020.
5. Negative Reactions from Japan Domestic Opinion Leaders
It is true that aggressive target has been triggering technological innovation and creation of new industry and employment, but the reaction from Japan so far has been rather negative. This is because Mr. Hatoyama has not yet sufficiently explained to industries and related opinion leaders that are to bear the burden in accomplishing the target. Another reason is that whether emerging countries such as China would really participate in this international initiative of GHG emission reduction is still under question.
To achieve the target, industries would need to reduce 20-30% GHG emission from manufacturing plants, which would be a big burden. It is possible that industries whose GHG emission is large such as iron and steel would be forced to reduce its production, which could lead to drastic production shift from Japan to overseas. And if sufficient CO2 emission reduction is not achieved, they would need to purchase GHG emission quotas from overseas. This is estimated to cost more than 1 trillion yen, according to a government official.
Reaction from economy and commerce associations is quite negative because the target would clearly mean increase in cost. There have been critical comments, requesting the new government to set target taking into consideration both fairness among the international community and reasonability of Japanese citizen’s burden. In fact, there are series of evidences that many Japanese industries/companies are still suffering from high cost and are negatively impacted by new government’s policy, so it is more than natural that the industry and other opinion leaders would react negatively. The break even point of many manufacturing companies has been deteriorating drastically which means that their cost competitiveness under current circumstances is tough. And the recent stock pricing trend of Japan imply that Japanese companies are already negatively impacted by new government’s policy, and it is natural that they would give negative reaction.
- Drastic Deterioration in Break Even Point Ratio of Japanese Manufacturers May Well Indicate Further Tough Job Market in Japan
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/drastic-deterioration-in-break-even.html
- New Coalition Government Policy, High Yen and Supply & Demand Oppressing Japanese Companies, Being Behind Worldwide Stock Prices Trend
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/new-coalition-government-policy-high.html
6. Upcoming Challenges For The New Hatoyama Administration To Overcome
Having succeeded in debut the highest-level international conference advocating an aggressive target, a practical “international commitment”, Prime Minister Hatoyama needs to tackle tough challenges upon returning to Japan. He would need to minimize domestic resistances, and draft and execute action plans to achieve the target, taking initiative of post COP3 debate in the international community.
Achieving the target is not easy even if the international community’s reaction is positive, because even internationally, the entire environment is quite tough. It was when Mr. Obama changed the U.S. policy on this issue of proactively reducing GHG emission to cooperate and make harmony with the international community that the international negotiation for GHG emission reduction started to drive. However, Mr. Obama also has health care reform issue to handle and the U.S. Diet is now focusing on this issue, so the deliberation in the Diet of bill regarding GHG is behind schedule. If there is no concrete progress in the G20 summit started 24th this month, it is quite possible that the targeted consensus to be made in December becomes rather difficult.
The feasibility of capital aid execution by developed countries is still a question. EU would like to make consensus of reduction target leveraging capital aid of a tens of billions of dollars. However, discussions among developed countries, that are to raise funds for the capital aid, are still ongoing, far behind the original timeline.
And, even if Mr. Hatoyama manages to convince Japanese industries, related associations, opinion leaders and citizens, the hurdle is still quite high. According to the estimation developed during the former Aso administration, it is vital to increase the solar cell implementation by 5500% (55 times the current implementation) and shift 90% of new car sales to EV cars in order to achieve 25% reduction in GHG emission vs.1990.
Achieving an extremely aggressive target would require something very drastic, some kind of breakthrough. It is passive and conservative target that people tend to agree to easily but they are usually not so much energized by such target, not coming up with innovative ideas, thus often failing to achieve the target. But history teaches us that although at first people are negative at first because it seems absolutely unrealistic, they finally agree and support extremely aggressive target set under tough environment. Such a target delivered by a leader with passion energizes and wins support from followers and related stakeholders. They will then get united to exert maximum effort, leading to creation of innovation and break through, and as a result being successful in achieving the target.
Reduction in GHG emission is an issue that each one of us on this planet is required to take action for the sustainability of human kind, and it is possible to convert this issue to business opportunities as well. It has potential to drive innovations and creation of new industry and employment, meaning growth in world economy and sustainable growth. It is highly hoped that the international community and all stakeholders in each country come in consensus and take their own responsibility to achieve their respective goal.
* The information on the summit is based on series of articles in Nikkei, Japanese leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, dated September 23, 2009.
Mr. Hatoyama, the new Japanese Prime Minister, made a speech pledging Japan’s mid-term target of 25% GHG (global greenhouse gas = CO2) emission reduction vs.1990 by 2020 at the United Nation’s Climate Change Summit held on September 22 in New York, his debut to the diplomatic setting. He also advocated his initiative of providing to developing and emerging countries Japan’s energy saving technologies and capital aid to help them drive global warming countermeasures. His speech in English won great applause and appreciation in the summit, and it is probably the first time that a speech made by a Japanese Prime Minister won such an applause. However, his aggressive target has not been provoking positive reactions back in Japan.
1. Facts On GHG Emission Reduction Mid-Term Target
Mid-term target of reducing GHG emission is the primary focus of the negotiation among participant countries on post Kyoto Protocol (COP3) after 2013, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change / UNFCCC, FCCC. The deadline of the negotiation is COP15 United Nations Climate Change Conference Copenhagen 2009 to be held in Denmark this year.
2. Background of Prime Minister Mr. Hatoyama’s Speech
The target set by the former Prime Minister, Mr. Aso, was 15% reduction vs.2005 (8% reduction vs. 1990); therefore, it is evident that Mr. Hatoyama’s target is extremely aggressive (equivalent to 30% reduction vs. 2005). He had set this target as his policy, mentioned in his speeches in Tokyo earlier this month, and announced to Japanese media on 20th this month, although he may well have been aware that there would be resistances from Japan domestic (industries and economy opinion leaders). His intention is to take the initiative in the upcoming international negotiation settings by advocating aggressive target and supporting measures in his debut diplomacy setting in his own words. (First policy he set was taking the initiative from bureaucrats in making speeches at press conferences etc. so that politicians will be delivering their message in their own words). Such a “performance” in the international community conference symbolizes and delivers strong message on the change in political administration and of his style of politics, which is “politician taking the initiative”.
- 25% Reduction of CO2, Message to be Delivered in Upcoming Diplomatic Settings by Prime Minister Mr.Hatoyama
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/new-japanese-government-officially.html
- How Japanese Government to Develop New Information Disclosure System with Media, Achieving Objectives & Promoting Interactive Communication with Media
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/how-japanese-government-ti-develop-new.html
The new target announced is the most aggressive among all participant countries, as is shown from the table below. (Source: September 23 Japanese article from Nikkei, Japan’s leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics; translated by the author).
GHG Emission Reduction Target by 2020 of Developed Countries
(The reason that some target is not specific is that the target is specified under specific condition such as “in the case which other countries advocate sufficient reduction target”)
Country Name / Reduction Rate (%) / Standard Year / Availability of Purchasing Emission Quotas
Japan / 25 / 1990 / yes
The U.S. / 14 / 2005 -
EU / 20 - 30 / 1990 / yes
Canada / 20 / 2006 / -
Russia / 10 - 15 / 1990 / -
Switzerland / 20 - 30 / 1990 / yes
Australia / 5 - 25 / 2000 / yes
* Composed by Nikkei based on documents on framework of the U.N. climate change agreement owned by the agreement offices
3. How Mr. Hatoyama Was Careful In Making His Speech
Prime Minister Mr. Hatoyama was careful in making his speech, not forgetting to be considerate in presenting such an aggressive target. His speech included concrete measures compared with his previous speeches made in Tokyo, Japan, but he deliberately made the expression regarding “reduction compared with which year“ not to be too specific, using the expression such as “if I would state comparing with 1990” instead of “vs. 1990”, taking into consideration of the U.S. who had set the 2005 as the standard year in setting the target. He also was careful to avoid misunderstanding from other countries that Japan is prominent in presenting such an aggressive target. He did so by encouraging major GHG emission countries including the U.S., China and India to actively join in his initiative, advocating his Hatoyama initiatives including the principles below.
Hatoyama Initiatives
1) Public and private sectors of developed countries will contribute to additional capital aid.
2) Rules for measuring the effectiveness of aid will be developed.
3) Co-existence of capital aid and preservation of intellectual property right will be fulfilled.
4. Positive Reactions From The International Community
The speech was highly evaluated, with positive comments from participants. The overall reaction from the international community is positive from each standpoint.
The U.S. gave positive reaction backed up by President Obama’s positive speech in the summit, who said that countermeasure for global warming is the U.S. focus and is resolved to take actions. Regarding the reduction target he emphasized that both developed and developing countries need to take responsibility to achieve the target. He also showed his intention of reaching international consensus on this issue at CPO15 to be held in December in Copenhagen, Denmark. He advocated the need of making consensus among all countries including emerging countries, stating hat the only solution is all major countries collaborate to take measures, while developing countries (that had been emitting global warming gasses) have responsibilities to initiate the discussion.
EU evaluated the Japanese aggressive target. EU had been positive in activating trading CO2 emission quotas among countries with the objective of reducing CO2 emission globally, and therefore they would like to deepen collaboration with Japan and lead debate on this issue in the international community. Mr. Okada, the new Minister of Foreign Affairs, had meetings with Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Sweden, the current chairperson of EU, and Spain. The EU side agreed on the importance of solving climate change issue and highly evaluated Japan’s mid-term target of 25% reduction of CO2 emission vs.1990. In addition, the Minister of Climate Change and Energy of Denmark also evaluated the aggressive target of Japan.
Reactions from developing and emerging countries are subtle but not negative at all. Emerging countries including China and India have been strengthening initiatives to reduce global warming gasses in individual sectors such as generation of electricity. One point to note is that their consistent stance is that it is the developed countries responsible for the past global warming that should commit to the aggressive reduction target to be achieved by 2020.
5. Negative Reactions from Japan Domestic Opinion Leaders
It is true that aggressive target has been triggering technological innovation and creation of new industry and employment, but the reaction from Japan so far has been rather negative. This is because Mr. Hatoyama has not yet sufficiently explained to industries and related opinion leaders that are to bear the burden in accomplishing the target. Another reason is that whether emerging countries such as China would really participate in this international initiative of GHG emission reduction is still under question.
To achieve the target, industries would need to reduce 20-30% GHG emission from manufacturing plants, which would be a big burden. It is possible that industries whose GHG emission is large such as iron and steel would be forced to reduce its production, which could lead to drastic production shift from Japan to overseas. And if sufficient CO2 emission reduction is not achieved, they would need to purchase GHG emission quotas from overseas. This is estimated to cost more than 1 trillion yen, according to a government official.
Reaction from economy and commerce associations is quite negative because the target would clearly mean increase in cost. There have been critical comments, requesting the new government to set target taking into consideration both fairness among the international community and reasonability of Japanese citizen’s burden. In fact, there are series of evidences that many Japanese industries/companies are still suffering from high cost and are negatively impacted by new government’s policy, so it is more than natural that the industry and other opinion leaders would react negatively. The break even point of many manufacturing companies has been deteriorating drastically which means that their cost competitiveness under current circumstances is tough. And the recent stock pricing trend of Japan imply that Japanese companies are already negatively impacted by new government’s policy, and it is natural that they would give negative reaction.
- Drastic Deterioration in Break Even Point Ratio of Japanese Manufacturers May Well Indicate Further Tough Job Market in Japan
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/drastic-deterioration-in-break-even.html
- New Coalition Government Policy, High Yen and Supply & Demand Oppressing Japanese Companies, Being Behind Worldwide Stock Prices Trend
http://megoyanagi.blogspot.com/2009/09/new-coalition-government-policy-high.html
6. Upcoming Challenges For The New Hatoyama Administration To Overcome
Having succeeded in debut the highest-level international conference advocating an aggressive target, a practical “international commitment”, Prime Minister Hatoyama needs to tackle tough challenges upon returning to Japan. He would need to minimize domestic resistances, and draft and execute action plans to achieve the target, taking initiative of post COP3 debate in the international community.
Achieving the target is not easy even if the international community’s reaction is positive, because even internationally, the entire environment is quite tough. It was when Mr. Obama changed the U.S. policy on this issue of proactively reducing GHG emission to cooperate and make harmony with the international community that the international negotiation for GHG emission reduction started to drive. However, Mr. Obama also has health care reform issue to handle and the U.S. Diet is now focusing on this issue, so the deliberation in the Diet of bill regarding GHG is behind schedule. If there is no concrete progress in the G20 summit started 24th this month, it is quite possible that the targeted consensus to be made in December becomes rather difficult.
The feasibility of capital aid execution by developed countries is still a question. EU would like to make consensus of reduction target leveraging capital aid of a tens of billions of dollars. However, discussions among developed countries, that are to raise funds for the capital aid, are still ongoing, far behind the original timeline.
And, even if Mr. Hatoyama manages to convince Japanese industries, related associations, opinion leaders and citizens, the hurdle is still quite high. According to the estimation developed during the former Aso administration, it is vital to increase the solar cell implementation by 5500% (55 times the current implementation) and shift 90% of new car sales to EV cars in order to achieve 25% reduction in GHG emission vs.1990.
Achieving an extremely aggressive target would require something very drastic, some kind of breakthrough. It is passive and conservative target that people tend to agree to easily but they are usually not so much energized by such target, not coming up with innovative ideas, thus often failing to achieve the target. But history teaches us that although at first people are negative at first because it seems absolutely unrealistic, they finally agree and support extremely aggressive target set under tough environment. Such a target delivered by a leader with passion energizes and wins support from followers and related stakeholders. They will then get united to exert maximum effort, leading to creation of innovation and break through, and as a result being successful in achieving the target.
Reduction in GHG emission is an issue that each one of us on this planet is required to take action for the sustainability of human kind, and it is possible to convert this issue to business opportunities as well. It has potential to drive innovations and creation of new industry and employment, meaning growth in world economy and sustainable growth. It is highly hoped that the international community and all stakeholders in each country come in consensus and take their own responsibility to achieve their respective goal.
* The information on the summit is based on series of articles in Nikkei, Japanese leading newspaper specialized in economy and politics, dated September 23, 2009.
New Press Conference Policy of Japanese Government
Wednesday, September 23, 2009 – Osaka, Japan
The first issue tackled by the new Japanese government led by new Prime Minister, Mr. Hatoyama, upon kick-off his new administration, was announcing the change in press announcement policy at the night of September 16, the first day of the new administration. The objective is to take initiatives from the bureaucrats. This has provoked hot debate among journalists and media.
1. How the press announcement was done and how government information used to be delivered to media
Press conference spoken by the head of ministries are held regularly and ad-hoc basis (e.g. emergency announcement), and it was bureaucrats that composed speeches; the spokespersons simply read the script. Also, major ministries had been regularly holding press conferences, speakers being administrative vice minister, assistant vice minister and chief of bureau, i.e. bureaucrats. Such press conferences can be covered specifying the speaker. Major ministries had also been regularly holding round-table conference by the same speakers. With this system, the news is covered by not specifying the speaker so usually such expression as “executive of so so ministry” as the speaker is used.
In addition, that some reporters regularly rode with administrative vice minister on his way to work to “communicate” and inform the essence to other reporters because they cannot possibly have enough time to communicate with administrative vice ministers even though they visit their house before going to work.
This system may seem “collusion” between the bureaucrats and the media, but it is true that this system was established as a result of long-year coordination of public (i.e. government) and media. Government has accountability and responsibility of information disclosure. Media has responsibility of answering to citizen’s right to know about the government. And “press club” exists as the interaction of the responsibility of the two parties.
The existence of press club is valid even though there has been some criticism, and what is critical question was bureaucrats had 100% control over information disclosure to the media and citizens.
2. The objective of new policy of press announcement and communication with media is to exclude bureaucrats
In the night of September 16, Mr. Hirano, the Chief Secretary Cabinet, announced the policy that “under the new government, no more press conferences by bureaucrats will be held”. This means that in the future, press conference will be only by politicians, i.e. ministers, deputy ministers and ministerial aids, with the objective of the new press conference policy is to take initiative from the bureaucrats. Briefing such as background explanation will not be included in this regulation. With this announcement, some ministries actually decided to abolish regular press conference spoken by the minister. Media’s reaction to the policy was negative, with such comments as “news control”.
The biggest merit of the policy is fulfillment of the objective, i.e. politicians taking the initiative to change Japan. Japanese government faced this challenge for many years and had been one of the biggest issues and therefore the new policy can be highly evaluated and appreciated. In addition, the politicians will be speaking in their own words to deliver their own strong message with passion. Speech in the speaker’s own words would also enhance speaker’s ownership, accountability and commitment. So speeches would surely be convincing, unlike most previous speakers of the press conference who read the script in monotone, even incorrectly in a few cases.
The demerits of the policy are the increase in the workload of politicians (speakers), question of whether they are capable of explaining details the bureaucrats had been explaining to the media, and communication to the media being non-interactive and less intensive compared to what it had been. Bureaucrats had been communicating intensively on the daily basis, so too much control of communication between bureaucrats and media could refrain two parties from communicating frankly, interactively and intensively. This could lead to between the two parties may well lead to possible decrease in the quantity and quality (including background and nuance) of information disclosed to the media compared to what it had been.
3. Ideal information disclosure system is expected to be created and developed by both the new government and media
Strategic and effective information disclosure of the government to communicate interactively with the media and citizens would greatly contribute to driving change, the objective and mission of the new government. From that perspective, it seems evident that the old press conference system needs review and improvement, and it is quite logical that this issue of press announcement policy, one of the most important and symbolic issue, was handled first.
There is no “the only correct solution” as in all issues, and it is highly desired that the new government and media collaborate to develop an ideal total information closure system including official press conference and unofficial settings on the daily basis. Such a new system would fulfill the responsibilities of both two parties (government and media), and achieve the new government’s objectives of the new policy announcement while accepting maximum freedom of research, reporting and expressing oneself of media.
* Information on the past press announcement and how the government communicated with the media is from a Japanese column which was posted on Nikkei PB web site on September 17
http://www.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/column/20090917/182230/
The first issue tackled by the new Japanese government led by new Prime Minister, Mr. Hatoyama, upon kick-off his new administration, was announcing the change in press announcement policy at the night of September 16, the first day of the new administration. The objective is to take initiatives from the bureaucrats. This has provoked hot debate among journalists and media.
1. How the press announcement was done and how government information used to be delivered to media
Press conference spoken by the head of ministries are held regularly and ad-hoc basis (e.g. emergency announcement), and it was bureaucrats that composed speeches; the spokespersons simply read the script. Also, major ministries had been regularly holding press conferences, speakers being administrative vice minister, assistant vice minister and chief of bureau, i.e. bureaucrats. Such press conferences can be covered specifying the speaker. Major ministries had also been regularly holding round-table conference by the same speakers. With this system, the news is covered by not specifying the speaker so usually such expression as “executive of so so ministry” as the speaker is used.
In addition, that some reporters regularly rode with administrative vice minister on his way to work to “communicate” and inform the essence to other reporters because they cannot possibly have enough time to communicate with administrative vice ministers even though they visit their house before going to work.
This system may seem “collusion” between the bureaucrats and the media, but it is true that this system was established as a result of long-year coordination of public (i.e. government) and media. Government has accountability and responsibility of information disclosure. Media has responsibility of answering to citizen’s right to know about the government. And “press club” exists as the interaction of the responsibility of the two parties.
The existence of press club is valid even though there has been some criticism, and what is critical question was bureaucrats had 100% control over information disclosure to the media and citizens.
2. The objective of new policy of press announcement and communication with media is to exclude bureaucrats
In the night of September 16, Mr. Hirano, the Chief Secretary Cabinet, announced the policy that “under the new government, no more press conferences by bureaucrats will be held”. This means that in the future, press conference will be only by politicians, i.e. ministers, deputy ministers and ministerial aids, with the objective of the new press conference policy is to take initiative from the bureaucrats. Briefing such as background explanation will not be included in this regulation. With this announcement, some ministries actually decided to abolish regular press conference spoken by the minister. Media’s reaction to the policy was negative, with such comments as “news control”.
The biggest merit of the policy is fulfillment of the objective, i.e. politicians taking the initiative to change Japan. Japanese government faced this challenge for many years and had been one of the biggest issues and therefore the new policy can be highly evaluated and appreciated. In addition, the politicians will be speaking in their own words to deliver their own strong message with passion. Speech in the speaker’s own words would also enhance speaker’s ownership, accountability and commitment. So speeches would surely be convincing, unlike most previous speakers of the press conference who read the script in monotone, even incorrectly in a few cases.
The demerits of the policy are the increase in the workload of politicians (speakers), question of whether they are capable of explaining details the bureaucrats had been explaining to the media, and communication to the media being non-interactive and less intensive compared to what it had been. Bureaucrats had been communicating intensively on the daily basis, so too much control of communication between bureaucrats and media could refrain two parties from communicating frankly, interactively and intensively. This could lead to between the two parties may well lead to possible decrease in the quantity and quality (including background and nuance) of information disclosed to the media compared to what it had been.
3. Ideal information disclosure system is expected to be created and developed by both the new government and media
Strategic and effective information disclosure of the government to communicate interactively with the media and citizens would greatly contribute to driving change, the objective and mission of the new government. From that perspective, it seems evident that the old press conference system needs review and improvement, and it is quite logical that this issue of press announcement policy, one of the most important and symbolic issue, was handled first.
There is no “the only correct solution” as in all issues, and it is highly desired that the new government and media collaborate to develop an ideal total information closure system including official press conference and unofficial settings on the daily basis. Such a new system would fulfill the responsibilities of both two parties (government and media), and achieve the new government’s objectives of the new policy announcement while accepting maximum freedom of research, reporting and expressing oneself of media.
* Information on the past press announcement and how the government communicated with the media is from a Japanese column which was posted on Nikkei PB web site on September 17
http://www.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/column/20090917/182230/
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